Pelton Turbines
Impulse turbine — high-head applications
Pelton turbines are impulse turbines generally considered for high-head hydropower applications. A free water jet from one or more nozzles strikes double-cup buckets mounted on the runner periphery, converting the kinetic energy of the jet directly into shaft torque.
Turbine photograph
to be supplied
Typical Applications
- High-head small and medium hydropower schemes
- Mountainous sites with limited discharge
- Plants requiring wide part-load operating range
- Refurbishment of existing impulse-turbine installations
Operating Principle
Pressurised water from the penstock is accelerated through one or more nozzles. The jet strikes the splitter of each double-cup bucket and is deflected by nearly 180°, transferring momentum to the runner. Jet flow is regulated by a spear (needle) valve inside the nozzle, and a deflector can divert the jet for rapid load rejection.
Main Components
- Runner with double-cup buckets and central splitters
- Nozzles with spear valves and actuators
- Jet deflectors
- Main shaft, bearings and coupling
- Turbine casing and discharge arrangement
- Inlet piping and bifurcation manifold
- Base frame and foundation interfaces
Configurations
- Single-jet horizontal arrangements for smaller outputs
- Two-jet horizontal arrangements with opposed or angled nozzles
- Multiple-jet arrangements where higher flow must be accommodated at high head
- Horizontal shaft with directly coupled generator for compact powerhouses
Generator & Control-System Integration
Turbine-governor coordination, generator and excitation matching, protection and synchronising, and mechanical and electrical balance of plant are engineered as one package.
Technical specifications, ratings and dimensions are prepared per project following review of site data. No performance figure on this page constitutes a guaranteed value.